Sinusitis
Definition of sinusitis
Sinusitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane in the paranasal sinuses. It occurs when the channels that connect these cavities to the nose become blocked, which is often caused by a cold, allergies or nasal polyps. Symptoms can include nasal congestion, pain and pressure in the face, and headaches. Treatment may include medication to relieve pain, decongestant nasal sprays or, in severe cases, surgery. Sinusitis can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term).
Causes and risk factors
A sinus infection, also known as sinusitis, can be triggered by various factors. Common causes are viruses that cause a cold or bacteria that appear after a viral infection. Allergies, nasal polyps or a deviated nasal septum can also lead to sinusitis. Risk factors include smoking, frequent colds, asthma and a weakened immune system. It is important that risk factors and potential causes are identified in order to determine the best prevention and treatment methods. In repeated cases of sinusitis, a medical examination may be necessary to identify underlying conditions.
Symptoms and course
A “sinus infection”, also known as sinusitis, is characterized by various symptoms. Common symptoms are headaches, facial pain, blocked nose, yellowish or green discharge from the nose, fever and tiredness. In chronic sinusitis, the symptoms may be less pronounced but last longer. The course of sinusitis depends on the type of disease. Acute sinusitis can subside within one to two weeks, while chronic sinusitis can last for months or even years. It is important to seek medical attention to avoid complications and ensure appropriate treatment.
Diagnosis and examination methods
The diagnosis of sinusitis is often based on a physical examination and the patient’s description of the symptoms. The doctor may perform a rhinoscopy to look at the nasal cavities. If a bacterial infection is suspected, a sample of the nasal mucus can be taken. Imaging procedures such as X-rays or computer tomography (CT) can be used to determine the exact location and extent of the inflammation.
Treatment options
Prevention and tips for prevention
Sinusitis, also known as sinusitis, can be caused by various factors. Prevention includes a healthy lifestyle and strengthening the immune system. Regular exercise, a balanced diet and sufficient sleep can contribute to this. It is also important to treat colds and flu quickly to prevent the infection from spreading. Ensure good personal hygiene, especially frequent and thorough hand washing. If the air is dry, a humidifier and drinking plenty of fluids can help to keep the nasal mucous membranes moist. Avoid smoke and other harmful substances that can irritate the sinuses. Suitable treatment should be given for existing allergies.
Complications and possible consequences
A sinus infection, also known as sinusitis, can lead to various complications and consequences. Untreated or frequently recurring sinusitis can lead to chronic inflammation. In rare cases, the infection can spread to neighboring structures such as the brain or eyes, which can lead to serious conditions such as meningitis or eye inflammation. In addition, prolonged inflammation of the paranasal sinuses can lead to an impaired sense of smell and taste. If symptoms persist, a doctor should therefore always be consulted in order to recognize and treat possible complications at an early stage.
When a doctor should be consulted
Sinusitis should be treated by a doctor if symptoms such as headaches, fever, nasal congestion and facial pain persist for more than a week. It is also advisable to see a doctor if you have severe pain or a high temperature, which may indicate a bacterial infection. Chronic sinusitis that lasts longer than 12 weeks requires further diagnosis and treatment. If complications such as eye or meningitis are suspected, medical help should be sought immediately.
Frequently asked questions
Here we answer the most frequently asked questions